Hi.
i am using Touch HD with extended 2600mAH battery and lots of software but the battery barely last a day. i was hoping you could help me diagnose the problem.
configuration :
-duttys XT 3.0 using manila
-1 hour of talk time a day at the most
these are my main suspects :
-checking for mail on two accounts every half an hour
-S2U2 1.62
-phonealarm
-pocketbreeze new PB2
-touchresponse
i installed nueDynamicClock but i can't see any difference.
first of all, maybe this sounds normal to you ? maybe my device is defected ? i'm sure the battery is ok.
maybe someone knows a good battery diagnostic program...
any comments you have on any of my suspected software ?
thanks,
david
Try this, quoted from official HTC site:
My battery drains fast even without using Bluetooth, WiFi or GPS. Is there any way to check if it’s faulty or not?
1. Charge the battery to 100%. 2. Disable from running or uninstall any 3rd party applications. 3. Disable Bluetooth. 4. Disable WiFi. 5. Enable flight mode 6. Set backlight to maximum settings. 7. In the power management settings, uncheck any option that would set the backlight to turn off. 8. Let phone stay idle for 1 hour and check battery capacity. 9. If there is a loss of 40% or more, then this means that battery is faulty and needs to be replaced.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
jankos said:
Try this, quoted from official HTC site:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for that. I've been a little concerned with my battery life so i'll give that a try later.
jankos said:
Try this, quoted from official HTC site:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
well obviously this doesn't help me too much because, as stated, the battery last almost a day with full usage so this diagnostic will be a negative... but surely something is wrong. Thanks anyway.
didn't anyone have any problems with one of the above ?
Max battery life
Battery drain in almost a day is quite normal with most of the roms
exception, i flashed Black Pearls v2.4 rom and the battery is still 20 to 30% at the end of the day. myself satisfied with the performance of this rom...
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=495233
update the 3d drivers after flashing the rom
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=3059269&postcount=3
denjo said:
Battery drain in almost a day is quite normal with most of the roms
exception, i flashed Black Pearls v2.4 rom and the battery is still 20 to 30% at the end of the day. myself satisfied with the performance of this rom...
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=495233
update the 3d drivers after flashing the rom
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=3059269&postcount=3
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
flashing a rom just to check this seems like a overkill...
i was wondering about any diagnostic tools allowing me to see the consumption without waiting a whole day to compare, any on knows of any ?
dudikbs said:
Hi.
i am using Touch HD with extended 2600mAH battery and lots of software but the battery barely last a day. i was hoping you could help me diagnose the problem.
configuration :
-duttys XT 3.0 using manila
-1 hour of talk time a day at the most
these are my main suspects :
-checking for mail on two accounts every half an hour
-S2U2 1.62
-phonealarm
-pocketbreeze new PB2
-touchresponse
i installed nueDynamicClock but i can't see any difference.
first of all, maybe this sounds normal to you ? maybe my device is defected ? i'm sure the battery is ok.
maybe someone knows a good battery diagnostic program...
any comments you have on any of my suspected software ?
thanks,
david
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why dont you check the idle cpu usage when your phone is on but not doing anything. It should be 98-99% most of the time. If you get high cpu usage by shell or services then it is most probably phoneAlarm or other plugins on Today screen.
If you are using wifi, make sure you set it to off when standby. (Note: If you are using AE Button (mine is v2.63) and if you use it to turn ON wifi, the wifi will not go to sleep even in standby thus draining battery)
Related
Hi, my batter has been working great since Christmas, but now for some reason won't last more than a fwe hours without saying battery low. I have my gprs check email every 5 minutes, but it has always been that way and I have been gettnig a good 2 days out of my phone before.
Now i take it off of the charger in the morning and then around lunch the batter is low already...
Is my batter just toast?
Should I get another?
THANKS!
T
Just a question, but have you been overclocking your TI OMAP processor? Maybe there's a correlation?
contaygious said:
Hi, my batter has been working great since Christmas, but now for some reason won't last more than a fwe hours without saying battery low. I have my gprs check email every 5 minutes, but it has always been that way and I have been gettnig a good 2 days out of my phone before.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Mine is brand new (tmobile MDA) and when I enabled 802.11g I noticed a dramatic drop in battery life. I think for the sake of the battery I will only enable that as needed.
I wonder also if you are in the same proximity to the mobile towers, if you are on a border between coverage you will see a drop in battery life becuase it is transmitting more frequently to register with the mobile network.
To try to see if its your battery or something you are using, and while this may be incredibly difficult with a mobile, especially a mobile/pda that you use frequently, you may want to see about turning off features to see if that helps. Turn off wifi and see if that helps, turn off bluetooth and see about that, etc. Once you rule them out as the major culprit ...
While I highly doubt this may be the case, it is a possiblity, and worth looking into, especially if you noticed a sudden drop in battery life as opposed to a gradual diminishment. You may have some rogue software that is sending out more data via a wireless device than you desire. A worm, trojan, whatever. There are anti-virus packages available, I dont know how good any of them are, http://www.freecabs.de has some, some of the big commercial guys make some. Again I dont think its that becuase of the rules of probability, however it is possible and some have been known to exist in the wild for a few years now.
T,
I had the same thing with my c500, now I know they are two entirely different phones but after I flashed the device it was as good as new in terms of battery life.
It may be worth a try before you go and buy a new battery.
Marc
I have the same problem.
Not overclocking, no anti-virus, just regular phone use and my battery does not last a day!!
I keep it on charger most of the day to avoid shut-down.
me too
I've the same problem and I've an other big problem, when I turn off my Vario, it's dont't start on power botton (i must extract and insert a battery turn on the telephone).
We can make a test if anyone have a HTC diagnostic software (see service manual.pdf)
Check your today screen.
I too had the same issue. Mainly, PhoneDashboard was causing the battery drop. Along with any today elements that poll your hardware to display the amount of battery, memory and storage. Those all drain your battery.
To check whether it's really a today screen issue or not. Charge your battery to it's full 100%, remove ALL today screen elements, then use your mobile normally and keep checking the battery level drain rate.
Hope this was useful.
Mine dies, 100% when leave work, some usage and then dead in the morning.
I only have Pocketbreeze and a few plug ins installed.
There is NO wireless /bluetooth in that time.
KINetics said:
Just a question, but have you been overclocking your TI OMAP processor? Maybe there's a correlation?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
nope.
I have not been using wifi at all lately either
I have spb today stuff but have had them since I first got my wizard. really, I have not changed anything....
some programs "eat up" battery life. Investigate by doing a HARD reset, then do not install ANY software for two days. I bet you will see your normal battery life ;-)
I took all today programs off
100% at 5.30
32% at 7.30
This is O2 Mini Rom without all the 02 crap.
I will investigate further. Hard reset here we come!!
Last night my battery was 100% at 5.30 after a hard reset, no o2 software installed and very light usage.
This morning at 7.35 it was 50% which is good I guess???
Suggestions as to whether it is the battery?
byronsp said:
Last night my battery was 100% at 5.30 after a hard reset, no o2 software installed and very light usage.
This morning at 7.35 it was 50% which is good I guess???
Suggestions as to whether it is the battery?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Still not good enough, should hold for 3 days if you do not use it. Get a battery replacement.
Typically I charge every other day, little phone talks however.
PhoneDashboard was causing the battery drop
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah, I run this. Is it bad? I've turned off all the scrolling updates etc - did you find that helped?
Got a battery replacement but still after no real use dropped to 50% in only 13 hours.
Any other ideas?
mine works for about 5 days normal usage with this options:
- phone on
- bt off
- wifi off
- automatically receive IrDa incoming... (Connections ->beam...)
so the wifi on my batt only last for a few hours, but when you disable wifi and the irda incoming you should have more batt. life
Thanks I will give this a try and have taken out irDA.
However my figures were with Bluetooth and Wireless off as well
I have noticed that with wifi on (and particularly if I'm using it) the battery drops at a frightening rate. Whereas with wifi disabled (which it's been for most of today - first day since I've had the XDA that I've been busy working and so haven't been 'fiddling' with it at all ) the battery still seems to be sitting happily at 80% after around 8 hours.
Funny, I thought that if the phone was suspended, the wifi would be inactive, so the battery wouldn't drop. Appears that's not the case...
Do u have Spb Pocket Plus installed? this program sucked my battery flat in 1 day. I removed it and now its up 2 or 4 days depending on how long i have wifi on. Checking email every 5 min also reduces battery life allot.
goodluck
No pocket plus... My today screen just has phmtray, resco today, taskplus, and the pocketmusic plugin...
Can someone post some tips to get a better battery performance?
I have my Touch 3G less then a week ago and the battery is during only 1.5 days with SMS and few more things...
Thanks.
what connections do you have turned on all day? i usually disable wireless lan and data connections when i dont need them, and that saves me some battery.
also set the backlight options so that the light fades out when your not using your Jade.
Avoid:
- WLAN (especially the high-power mode)
- Bluetooth on all the time
- High CPU load (like games, etc)
- Display (the brighter the higher the power consumtion)
rullz said:
what connections do you have turned on all day?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I got them all turned off and disabled too the screen auto-adjust option and put the brightness at 1/3.
Now I got these times:
Standby: 40.5 h
Conversation: 0 h
Utilization: 4:39 h (most of the time with SMS)
And 1/5 of the battery. I think that isn't too much.
The battery was charged only two times.
blackaos said:
Can someone post some tips to get a better battery performance?
I have my Touch 3G less then a week ago and the battery is during only 1.5 days with SMS and few more things...
Thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Maybe is something wrong with your battery, I dont know. My battery lasts 3 days and I use my Touch 3G mostly for conversations.
pygmalion said:
Maybe is something wrong with your battery, I dont know. My battery lasts 3 days and I use my Touch 3G mostly for conversations.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I hope not.
It seems that the touchscreen spends too much battery while writing SMS!
blackaos said:
I got them all turned off and disabled too the screen auto-adjust option and put the brightness at 1/3.
Hi Blackaos
I am curious how you put the brightness at 1/3.
I remember there is no adjustment, just check or dont check "auto adjust backlight"...
Pls advise
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
GACL212004 said:
Hi Blackaos
I am curious how you put the brightness at 1/3.
I remember there is no adjustment, just check or dont check "auto adjust backlight"...
Pls advise
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I think I can see these options only when I've unchecked this box, the brightness with battery and external alimentation.
blackaos said:
Can someone post some tips to get a better battery performance?
I have my Touch 3G less then a week ago and the battery is during only 1.5 days with SMS and few more things...
Thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Jade is supposed to be the best in low power usage and lasting battery power.
This is my battery performance.
1) Normal daily calls (about 20) and SMS (about 20) - last 3.5 days without charging (still about 5% left)
2) Use GPS for about 30 mins - drains about 5% of the battery
3) Use Wi-Fi for about 60 mins - drains about 5 % of the battery.
(battery % indication using ArielBattery)
Your battery probably is one of those that fails the QA level but sneak pass the QA team. You should get a replacement.
azahidi said:
Your battery probably is one of those that fails the QA level but sneak pass the QA team. You should get a replacement.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Explain that better.
My battery runs out in 2 days.
Has there been a problem with Jade's batteries?
Mine is new from last week:
- 24 standby
- 8 min talking
- 30 SMS
- 7u45min phone usage.
azahidi said:
Your battery probably is one of those that fails the QA level but sneak pass the QA team. You should get a replacement.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you tell me more about that?
Switch to Flight Mode during night .
I noticed that after a few charges battery seems to last longer
Also have a look at http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=463204
I have my 3G for over two weeks now. My battery also lasts for 1,5 days.
For example:
standby:34,6h
talk:208min
device usage: 2h,55min
I use bluetooth connection for my car-kit.
Hello,
is a problem with the sd-card.
You can testing: remove the sd-card and you have standby 200h !!
Bye
Heiko
need some help pls
hi
i just bought my jade 3 days back and i want to change the SMS view from thread view to regular on my old gene i was doing this by using advanced confugrator but it does not work on this mobile its asking me to upgrade my .net
pls advise
1.how do i get the updated .net for my mobile
2.how to change the view of SMS with existing set up
kindly advise thanks in advance
What is the impact to battery performance ?
I've just got back from a holiday in France where I had consistant 3G/HSDPA coverage and got 96hrs Standby, 16min Talktime (Roaming keeps calls short!) and 4.5hrs Usage. This is about double my normal performance at home where the phone spends most of its time on (2.5) GSM. Its obvious that these phones are optimised for 3G over the older GSM system, as at home I get poor 3G reception. These figures are still far short of what is advertised in the spec on the HTC website!
To those who've just bought a new phone, the battery does improve with a few charge/discharge cycles but not a lot! Would be interested in hearing more about the SD card causing drainage and marginal battery performance caused by sub-standard batteries.
Woolly
mine can last for 5 to 6 days if only use wifi for 10 mins...
haree said:
hi
i just bought my jade 3 days back and i want to change the SMS view from thread view to regular on my old gene i was doing this by using advanced confugrator but it does not work on this mobile its asking me to upgrade my .net
pls advise
(...)
2.how to change the view of SMS with existing set up
(...)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
See this for solution (German):
http://www.pocketpc.ch/htc-touch-3g/46968-gesendete-sms-auch-im-posteingang.html#post318350
Hi, i've noticed that my hd heats up really a lot, and at the same time i realised that in task manager a so called "idle process" it's allways at +80% from processor speed.
Do you think it's sometinh to do to the fact that the device it's allways hot (even wen in standby) and the batery drains relatively fast and also the fact that it takes ages to charge. I've allready sent it on repair and received it today with stock rom 1.56, but the problem remains spite they've said that everything was ok...
I've flash the Dutty's V3.3 XT and on the task manager i've noticed that idle process... it makes me wonder...
Don't wonder.
The idle process isn't doing anything. It is certainly not the cause of battery drain or heat.
It's actually not even a process, just a "counter" telling you how much of the processor is doing nothing.
If you look at the task manager in your own computer, you'll see that it also has an "idle process". It's the same thing.
For more information regarding the idle process just google "Idle process" and you'll get a ton (actually about 409,000 ) hits...
brgds
Royan
You can use an application that can monitor current drawn from the battery to see if you have an issue. There are many apps that can be used - i use phone alarm from pocketmax.net that acts as a profile switcher, but has many additional functions including power monitoring and battery temperature.
Typical values that i see are as follows
Idle (no apps running) radio on, wi fi off, screen set at level 2 --> around 84 - 100mA
While browsing the internet via wifi, this typically increase to around 170mA
While browsing internet via 3G this can increase upto 350 - 500mA peek.
The touch HD can get very warm when in use.
Hope this helps
Your not the only one mate, my phone has just started getting stupidly hot and running down the battery stupidly quick and taking ages to charge!
See here,
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=512224
I'm going to call up orange today and see what they say!
Cheers
Jake
ardsar said:
The touch HD can get very warm when in use.
Hope this helps
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The thing is, its getting very warm with NO USE. It can run the entire battery flat in less than 12 hours with NO USE.
Jake
jake_tenfloors said:
The thing is, its getting very warm with NO USE. It can run the entire battery flat in less than 12 hours with NO USE.
Jake
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Might be a faulty battery?
Seen this one: http://www.htc.com/www/faqs.aspx?p_id=179&cat=0&id=85780 ?
brgds
Royan
Royan said:
Might be a faulty battery?
Seen this one: http://www.htc.com/www/faqs.aspx?p_id=179&cat=0&id=85780 ?
brgds
Royan
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeh i've seen that, going to do it tonight!
Jake
Hi
I just purchase Topaz
also i'm new to the windows mobile phones
I'm completely like the phone but i have a weird problem with it
while i use it i notice the battery produces too much heat that i can notice
the battery can be drained very easily with any action
I just turn off my phone it was 21% charge i noticed the heating issue
and i turned it on again and the battery was 14%
just to restart my phone i lost 7%
Is the heating issue normal?
The battery drain is it normal?
Cairo_ said:
Hi
I just purchase Topaz
also i'm new to the windows mobile phones
I'm completely like the phone but i have a weird problem with it
while i use it i notice the battery produces too much heat that i can notice
the battery can be drained very easily with any action
I just turn off my phone it was 21% charge i noticed the heating issue
and i turned it on again and the battery was 14%
just to restart my phone i lost 7%
Is the heating issue normal?
The battery drain is it normal?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well, Its normal to get hot when taking a long call.. (10 min or more), but while in standby, it should NEVER get even WARM (mine stays cold as ice ) !!!
The power drain maybe is cuz your phone is heating.. The heat expands circuits and increase the power drain.
Cairo_ said:
Hi
I just purchase Topaz
also i'm new to the windows mobile phones
I'm completely like the phone but i have a weird problem with it
while i use it i notice the battery produces too much heat that i can notice
the battery can be drained very easily with any action
I just turn off my phone it was 21% charge i noticed the heating issue
and i turned it on again and the battery was 14%
just to restart my phone i lost 7%
Is the heating issue normal?
The battery drain is it normal?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
..the heating is normal!
Concering the battery drain is up to the rom and completly different!
cyron_at said:
..the heating is normal!
Concering the battery drain is up to the rom and completly different!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not normal if the phone is on stand by mode (And I believe that`s what he`s saying ) !!!
I just installed Copilot
the battery was 14%
after the installation ended and the phone restarted
it got about 4%
Also i used the MP3 player for around and hour the battery dropped about 20%
how's that?
or should i take it back? I'm still having the phone warranty
Cairo_ said:
I just installed Copilot
the battery was 14%
after the installation ended and the phone restarted
it got about 4%
Also i used the MP3 player for around and hour the battery dropped about 20%
how's that?
or should i take it back? I'm still having the phone warranty
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
About using the MP3 player for 1 hour and drop 20%, its normal.
But, 14% then sunddely goes to 4% ? Thats not freaking normal...
Just take it back to warranty ok!
haranbh said:
About using the MP3 player for 1 hour and drop 20%, its normal.
But, 14% then sunddely goes to 4% ? Thats not freaking normal...
Just take it back to warranty ok!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I wouldn't rush to send it back. It all sounds normal to me.
You must remember that the batteries will take a few weeks to attain full capacity operation.
Keep them on charge as much as you can (mains or car/plane etc), don't switch off at night, don't cycle them and don't drain them excessively.
If that does not give an improvement THEN take them back.
When I first got my TD2 I was appalled at the battery life and bought a spare battery. I have never used it.
And when they get warm it shows that they are happily being used or recharged and is no cause for concern.
Hi Cairo,
First of all, sorry for my english.
In my case, I bought my TD2 this summer, & I had some of these problems with the battery.
I'll tell you my steps, perhaps it could help you, if not, you must talk with HTC support.
First, use modaco's nodata to disable HSDPA/3G, use only GSM, it's much better to save battery. the link :http://www.modaco.com/content/pocket-pc-software/246171/new-free-utility-nodata/
Second: Active Sync.
You need a task manager to see notifications.
you must find one of the repllog event.
Use this http://www.dotfred.net/TaskMgr.htm.
In notifications tab find "repllog AppRunAfterTimeChange" and disable it.
In my case I have disabled two events more, PushInternetScheduleTimeChanged and PushInternetScheduleTimeChanged1 and everything works fine.
After that, in process tab, if repllog appears, kill it, and in notifications tab find again the event "repllog.exe /remote /h",disable too, and use a reg editor (dot's taskmgr has one) and search in hkcu\software\microsoft\ActiveSync, find "KeepAlive" and you must change 1 to 0.
In this case, activesync will never start again, till you connect td2 to laptop or pc with activesync (it changes the value from 0 to 1).
I hope you could understand me and the info is ok for your td2.
Regards
pa49 said:
You must remember that the batteries will take a few weeks to attain full capacity operation.
Keep them on charge as much as you can (mains or car/plane etc), don't switch off at night, don't cycle them and don't drain them excessively.
If that does not give an improvement THEN take them back.
When I first got my TD2 I was appalled at the battery life and bought a spare battery. I have never used it.
And when they get warm it shows that they are happily being used or recharged and is no cause for concern.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you for the advice i did do what u said and noticed it became a bit better
makix13 said:
Hi Cairo,
First of all, sorry for my english.
In my case, I bought my TD2 this summer, & I had some of these problems with the battery.
I'll tell you my steps, perhaps it could help you, if not, you must talk with HTC support.
First, use modaco's nodata to disable HSDPA/3G, use only GSM, it's much better to save battery. the link :http://www.modaco.com/content/pocket-pc-software/246171/new-free-utility-nodata/
Second: Active Sync.
You need a task manager to see notifications.
you must find one of the repllog event.
Use this http://www.dotfred.net/TaskMgr.htm.
In notifications tab find "repllog AppRunAfterTimeChange" and disable it.
In my case I have disabled two events more, PushInternetScheduleTimeChanged and PushInternetScheduleTimeChanged1 and everything works fine.
.
I hope you could understand me and the info is ok for your td2.
Regards
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks a lot makix
your post were really helpful
i was looking for the way to disable HSDPA and i couldnt found it
Thanks a lot for your help
Hi Cairo,
the hsdpa is in Settings->More->Connections tab->Advanced Network and then u must disable hsdpa.
in settings->communications->phone->advanced->band
I've gsm and gsm(900+1800)umts(900+2100).
(my winmo & touchflo is in spanish, but i hope u can find the options )
makix13 said:
Hi Cairo,
the hsdpa is in Settings->More->Connections tab->Advanced Network and then u must disable hsdpa.
in settings->communications->phone->advanced->band
I've gsm and gsm(900+1800)umts(900+2100).
(my winmo & touchflo is in spanish, but i hope u can find the options )
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks Makix
I disabled it
now my phone after one day of use with about 30 minute GPS of use
and 30 minutes of Mp3 and its 50%
better than befor
my Htc touch pro quickly consumes the battery power, the battery lasts 8 hours, I don't use many my mobile I've run over by a new WM 1.6 but the problem persists and disable all type of connexion problem also persists
i buy another battery but the problem persists
any body have solution??
Which ROM are you using?
RobyMax1 said:
Which ROM are you using?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
the official ROM of HTC
_HTC Touch Pro_RUU_Raphael_HTC_FRA_5.05.406.1_Radio_Signed_Raphael_52.58.25.30_1.11.25.01_Ship.exe
You sure you don't have your Wifi or GPS turned on ? If you have that location service turned on, that uses you GPS I beleive... Those are the 2 things that kill that battery the fastest for me.... mt batterys typicalyl lasts 2 days using the Energy rom
Use Advanced Config 3.3 and enable all power saving features.
Disable 3G when not needed.
You should get more than a week standby time with stock battery.
Sascha
SaBo said:
Use Advanced Config 3.3 and enable all power saving features.
Disable 3G when not needed.
You should get more than a week standby time with stock battery.
Sascha
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks, I'll try that. I usually get 2 days on standby.
Fred Doolie said:
Thanks, I'll try that. I usually get 2 days on standby.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That`s very nice - I`m getting only one day :/ (though I`m using raph100 only for 4 days now). Maybe it`s because I`m doing so much stuff on it very often, make some benchmarks, 3D games, applications tests , customization, xandroid(one time a day for 5-10 minutes), etc... I`m using the newest Energy rom (20th of march).
bipbop said:
Maybe it`s because I`m doing so much stuff on it.....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Perhaps. I meant 2 days from 100% to dead with all the radios *turned off* and phone just sitting there doing *nothing*. However, after a few cycles of draining the battery totally dead (the phone turns on and then shuts off right away) and letting it charge for 24+ hours I now only get a 10% power loss for each day of standby; even with the phone radio left on. Wifi kills the battery fast though. REAL fast. Maybe two hours of you tubing and it's dead.