Database Users

[EXPERIMENTAL/TOOLS/GUIDE/ADV.] Toolchain gcc 4.6.3 Cygwin/Linux/OSX; kernel builds

The following contains binaries, and instructions for use of an experimental newer toolchain than those included in the android pre-built package.
This is provided to allow existing linux kernel developers experiment with the updated version of GCC (besides the complicated building instructions the code just has a small patch for a known issue with android and 4.6.* otherwise is directly from GNU (see build information below)
The packages I'm also providing to help developers current on windows (With cygwin but no other virtual environment) to start exploring android Linux kernel development for their devices. (In addition to a OSX toolchain for more advanced mac users)
due to the slight differences between kernels on different devices this How To is intended to be used for advanced users who can adjust for the differences required for the devices specific kernel.
I may add additional guides to this thread if I find a need for them.
[size=+1]Binary Toolchains[/size]
I have two versions of a GCC-4.6.3 toolchain
1) For x86 linux: toolchain-4.6.3.tar.bz2 (Sha1: c8c57aba6ad92e9acddf29ba8620ba880be09a81)
2) For Cygwin (windows): toolchain-4.6.3.cygwin.tar.bz2 (Sha1: 6947e1c1ba95195019f542eb8ba0708667b63eca)
3) For OSX (mac/darwin): toolchain-4.6.3.darwin.tar.bz2 (Sha1: 9a977f0672863fdd9501383a6ad1e30723281f68)
[size=-1]> The linux version was built via this script: http://pastebin.com/b2dZ8YtG (or in the included toolchain_notes.txt)
> The cygwin/darwin version uses the same source however has a slightly modified script (see the included toolchain_notes.txt for the updated script)[/size]
[size=+1]System Requirements[/size]
Note I have a 64bit debian linux box, and a 64bit version of WIndows7 Pro running cygwin, while I believe these binaries ought to be compatible with all x86 linux and cygwin installs these have not been tested by a wide number of people yet.
> Linux users: If you have a working android build environment likely no additional requirements are needed. In addition you must build any kernel/android utilities from a case sensitive filesystem or disk image.
> OSx users: the cygwin packages will give you an idea of what is required, please also see the README in the tar.bz2 about manually installing elf.h
> Cygwin users: as its unlikely you have compiled a kernel with cygwin up to this point you may wish to ensure the following packages are installed (as well as any cygwin recommends to be used with them):
vim
vim-common
make
cmake
lzop
gcc
gcc-core
gcc-g++
wget
git
git-compleation
libncurses-devel
python​
Cygwin users must also set their NTFS file partition to allow case sensitive files:
To do this open regedit and change:
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\kernel\obcaseinsensitive
to 0
after this reboot and the NTFS kernel will allow cygwin to use case sensitive files (ie 'AbC' and 'aBc' as two different files)​
[size=+1]Advanced Kernel Building Guide[/size]
Since may devices are slightly different this can only be a high level kernel building guide
Please ask for any specific directions from the current kernel maintainer.
To most people who have built kernels before this will look familiar, the most important part is preparing your local environment to use the new toolchain,
1) If you have not already download the tar.bz2 above, (pick the one for the computer you are preparing to build kernels on)
2) extract the file (for the sake of this guide I will assume it is extracted into a ~/android directory)
ie on cygwin you might:
mkdir -p ~/android
cd ~/android
tar -xjvf toolchain-4.6.3.cygwin.tar.bz2
Note: steps one and two are just properly installing the toolchain, you will not need
to repeat them to build a different kernel.
2.b) OSX Only: check elf.h
open ~/android/toolchain-4.6.3/README in a text editor and check if elf.h is installed, otherwise manually install it as per the readme
3) fetch your kernel source into the ~/android directory and change into the
source codes root directory
(this can be via a git repo or tarball)
example if you wanted my ACER a100/a500 source you might run:
git clone git://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel.git
cd AcerTabKernel
change this to match the source you are fetching
4) In the root directory of the kernel source (~/android/AcerTabKernel in the about a100/a500 example) update the environment for the cross compiler
add the toolchain to your path:
export PATH=$HOME/android/toolchain-4.6.3/bin:$PATH​
set the cross compile:
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-androideabi-
export KERNEL_DIR=`pwd`​
(this will need to be done once for each terminal you use to run any of the following make commands)
5) Grab your configuration
From the device:
adb pull /proc/config.gz
gzip -dc config.gz > .config
or from a prepared configuration if it's included in your code base by running
make _defconfig
example for the a100/a500 code base is 'make vangogh_defconfig' for the a100 and 'make picasso_defconfig' for the a500
6) Customize configuration
just run menuconfig and use the UI to update settings
make menuconfig​
7) building the kernel (zImage)
This is normal at this point with 'make -j'
so for a quad core CPU you can run
make -j5​
(note: the wrong number in the -j argument will not harm the build but may slow down the building process by either using too few threads or needing to keep track of too many)
8) If it worked you will now have the kernel in arch/arm/boot/zImage
this can be injected into the boot.img (as the kernel, using an existing ramdisk) as is
If it failed for your kernel your kernel source may need one of the common patches
9) Building modules
the following will prepare the modules in subdirectory mod:
make modules
rm -rf mod
mkdir mod
cp `find ./ | grep .ko$` modules.order mod/​
After these commands [if no errors] you can simply copy the contents of mod/ to /system/lib/modules on your device, note it is recommended usually to remove the existing contents of /system/lib/modules unless there is a closed source module required from the previous build despite the new kernel.
[size=+1]Common Patches Required[/size]
If your kernel has not been built for the new toolchain or on cygwin before you may require some of these common patchs: (I've thus far only tested this on my Acer A100/A500 source)
wireless/bcm4329 for GCC-4.6.3:
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/123f32e27e2c74f1c1789ae5d6d5a1c04e1e264c
linux kernel module patch for cygwin (broken elf.h):
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/220db49593cf6b9f3b556e2f4b75b2f6d3ff556c
Error compiling security/smc/bridge_pub2sec.S (I required the cygwin elf patch and this patch to build the Franco galaxy nexus kernel)
0001-Fix-build-error-with-4.6.3-toolchain-smc-0.patch
(use 'git am 0001-Fix-build-error-with-4.6.3-toolchain-smc-0.patch' to apply)
OSX stat patches (fixes errors between GNU and BSD stat):
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/0c49df3cc1a05a0ccd98201511cdc0534aaeb35a
Errors loading newly built modules (modules appear to build cleanly but wont install):
simply add -fno-pic to CFLAGS_MODULE
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/c5ed0fcb014d36936a86ad253f15af43de2f644a
(I can add others here if highlighted to me, and as I find them)
[size=+1]Other Toolchain uses[/size]
The linux toolchain can be used to build android components, however this requires various manipulation to the android /build git repository as currently various other toolchains have hard coded paths into the prebuilt repo. If you intend to incorporate this into your build it may be best to inject the toolchain into your prebuilt repo rather than expect your users to download the links above, ensure to keep the compile notes as it explains how to get the source code to the toolchains)
On cygwin/osx it may also be possible to build android applications however I've not yet tested this as the scripts to make a proper build are complex when attempted outside the android build tree.

Excellent!!! thanks Man!!! Has been looking for one of these

Added in the OSX version of the toolchain (and some related patches)
Also if you are having problems with your modules built with this toolchain a CFLAG fixes it. (see note in common patches)

FINALLY!!! Great Instructions followed them to the T and BAM got my kernel compiled!!!

wow your toolchain is so small, many thanks, just compiled a kernel for my LG P500 gonna test it, thanks again

Bookmarked for testing when I wake up...
I can almost put: "Building under Windows is not currently supported." (quote from google), unofficially at least, out of my mind...
I have been spoiled by Windows for far too long I fear, my attempt for this last week at getting Linux setup and building CM9 has been nothing but a complete FAILURE, too many single line entrys for different distributions/package combo's, commands I dont know and cant find because of wildcard portions of them and lack of understanding, and not enough scripts like the wonderful Compile CM9 script someone put up (cant run it because all the pre-req's arent setup).
Good god Ill be jumping for joy if this works tomorrow on WinBlows!

EDIT: never mind, problem solved, what I need to know now won't be solved here

I wish i knew how to go about doing this..

Thanks
Thanks For ........... i Really need It .........

Hammerfest said:
Bookmarked for testing when I wake up...
I can almost put: "Building under Windows is not currently supported." (quote from google), unofficially at least, out of my mind...
I have been spoiled by Windows for far too long I fear, my attempt for this last week at getting Linux setup and building CM9 has been nothing but a complete FAILURE, too many single line entrys for different distributions/package combo's, commands I dont know and cant find because of wildcard portions of them and lack of understanding, and not enough scripts like the wonderful Compile CM9 script someone put up (cant run it because all the pre-req's arent setup).
Good god Ill be jumping for joy if this works tomorrow on WinBlows!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you succeed tell me how to do it in a more familiar way

I get errors regading the processor not being supported?

brfield said:
I get errors regading the processor not being supported?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry I can't support devs that have not learned cut copy and paste.
You probably forgot to export some of the environment variables or are just trying to run a arm binary on your PC and or a x86 binary on your arm device.
But why am I guessing? Why don't we know what you tried to run and what the actual text of the error was.. what type of kernel you tried to build, what you are running?
These packages are for developers if you feel like using them its time to learn to how to trouble shoot a problem and write a ticket to explain said problem clearly to others with at least some information to give us a chance to understand.
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using Tapatalk 2

Great guide. Have the bcm4329 wireless module, so followed the tips and everything compiled and works!
Thanks!

one question,how to compiled android kernel with -O3 optimization?

jxxhwy said:
one question,how to compiled android kernel with -O3 optimization?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Um, in general its recommended you don't:
-O3 is not recommended for the kernel as many low level parts require the assembly code generated to remain as is and not be optimized as will be by some of the options -O3 enables thus likely reducing the stability of your kernel.
---
That said the menuconfig has an option to optimize for size (-Os) if enabled else -O2
For other optimization (including tuning for your cpu) you can add them to the CFLAGS_KERNEL/CFLAGS_MODULE in the make file.)
For -O3 like functionality you could add the increment to the line:
-finline-functions, -funswitch-loops, -fpredictive-commoning, -fgcse-after-reload, -ftreel-vectorize, -ftree-partial-pre and -fipa-cp-clone
-Ofast is -O3 with -ffast-math as well
If you do build with all the -O3 or-Ofast options ensure you test the kernel for stability and run some benchmarks. (as it may not actually be faster depending on the cache misses)
The first option I'd start pruning was the one mentioned in my reference below -fgcse-after-reload.
If you really insist on -O3 rather than just adding the optimization you want that are not in O2,it can be added also in the Makefile where the configure flag is checked and its added to KBUILD_CFLAGS
Obviously all and any of this is at your own risk, anything that breaks you have to find a way to fix it.
Reference:
Gcc optimize options:
http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Optimize-Options.html
Talk of O3 and the kernel (not android specific)
http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1597/compiling-gnu-linux-with-o3-optimization

ezterry,thank you very much!
I want to build cm9 kernel using toolchain 4.6.3.
How to replace the default GCC 4.4.3 to 4.6.3 version?
BTW,I use the way -- make bootimage

jxxhwy said:
ezterry,thank you very much!
I want to build cm9 kernel using toolchain 4.6.3.
How to replace the default GCC 4.4.3 to 4.6.3 version?
BTW,I use the way -- make bootimage
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you are asking in a cm9 build tree.. its a pain, best is to update the cm kernel makefile to point the build chain temporarily.
If you mean just to compile by hand as described in the op
Once the kernel is compiled find an anykernel update.zip or manually use mkbootimg or fastboot to merge it with the ram disk. Cm9 targets mkbootimg and unpackbootimg (if I'm not mistaken) will build the applications to unpack your current (or the default cm9) boot image and re-create them with your custom kernel built from hand.

Now,I runing script file:
#Let's make sure the environment is clean and ready to compile the kernel
echo "Cleaning house!!"
make mrproper
echo "House cleaned, lets build a kernel!!!"
#
# Lets set the kernel defconfig
echo "defconfig = cyanogenmod_iprj_defconfig"
make ARCH=arm cyanogenmod_iprj_defconfig
#
# Let's build a kernel
echo "Now compiling kernel, go get a soda! "
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=~/Android/sourcecm9/cm9/toolchain-4.6.3/bin/arm-linux-androideabi- make zImage -j4
#
if [ -f arch/arm/boot/zImage ]; then
echo "Plague has been compiled!!! You can find it in arch/arm/boot/zImage"
else
echo "Kernel did not compile, please check for errors!!"
fi
but,I got some error output:
/home/xxx/cm9/toolchain-4.6.3/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-ld: cannot find usr/initramfs_data.o: No such file or directory
thanks again!!!

I think that means there is an issue with your config..
Most android kernels require initramfs, but don't specify a file, as its provided by the bootloader.. However in your case it is trying to embed it into the kernel.
Sent from my A500 using Tapatalk 2

ezterry said:
I think that means there is an issue with your config..
Most android kernels require initramfs, but don't specify a file, as its provided by the bootloader.. However in your case it is trying to embed it into the kernel.
Sent from my A500 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
issue has been resolved by myslef.Thanks for your time.

[Toolkit][Windows&Linux(Wine)] Already Setup Adb/Fastboot Environment and Installer

[Toolkit][Windows&Linux(Wine)] Already Setup Adb/Fastboot Environment and Installer
First, I take donations.
Second, see the 2nd post about Windows XP compatibilty.(XP requires that the tool be used on a usb drive or a partition that does not contain the current running operating system)
(For the other OSs it works fine on the drive with the running OS) (For Linux see the last post)
Third, XP users that don't have a removable drive available can use the XP-ONLY version on the local drive.
Fourth, read EVERYTHING here on the first and last post.
Fifth, adbClient is a download, unzip, connect to phone package that requires nearly no setup at all allowing you to use the android debugging bridge.
If you want to install adb and fastboot use the "instadb" command.(If you get an access denied error, you must have the administrator password and check your typing)
ANSWERS TO YOUR PROBLEMS:
If you want to update but continue to keep automagically using your work folder: you must copy the Work folder into the folder above the updated bin folder.
Like so: extract the new package. copy the old work folder into the new extracted folder. your work folder should sit right beside the launchadbclient script and the updated bin folder.
This tool can be moved anywhere alongside the work folder
HOW TO USE:
To launch the script extract the zip and run LaunchadbClient by double clicking on it.
Type "xt" without quotes to see a menu for commands.
Check out some package management by typing apk.
To install adb and fastboot to the system without fiddling with environment variables use the instadb command.
DRIVERS:
Visit this link first to enable usb debugging:
To utilize the Google usb driver extract its zip and right click the android_winusb.inf file and hit the install option.
If Google's drivers dont work or you have no drivers or adb doesn't mention any connected devices at the top of the window then you need to visit your manufacturers website for your phone's driver.
Here is the pdanet all purpose adb driver that is pretty much fail proof. if you have any issues with it uninstall it and try another one from below.
If all three of those driver suggestions are not applicable then read the "OTHER DRIVERS" category:
OTHER DRIVERS: The Universal Naked Driver is a good one. Or you can follow this exceptional tutorial for all purpose adb driver installation (I am not responsible for any issues with the tutorial, I just found it.)
I recommend Adb Konnect from the play store if drivers are a problem.
Sometimes your usb cable is keeping you from using adb, so try changing cables.(this actually just happened to me with my samsung usb cable and i ended up using my nexus 7 one instead)
DESCRIBE THE TOOL:
This tool is here to make my life(and your life) with adb easier.
It's the windows command line on steroids.
It is made for being put on a flash drive and being used on different computers.
Especially if you are using someone else's computer but want to keep an environment with your tools and files in it where you could just load it up from a flash drive.
It uses shortcuts for tools including and can autoroot etcetera among other features. This tool is free to use and distribute\modify with my name attached. It contains a presetup adb and fastboot environemnt and has extra binaries\scripts for working with the windows command line and android easier.
Overall it makes interfacing with android over adb much more interesting.
GETTING THE TOOL AND INFO:
1.9.5-XP_ONLY is for the Windows XP desktop only.
Version 3.2.9 is the latest stable release, Use this version please. Thanks for your interest.
If you want to take a snapshot of the latest development go here.

ANNOUNCEMENTS: I now have a donate button if you want to see more development.
I don't support 2.2 or 1.9.5 anymore. Only 3.x.
KNOWN ISSUES: tar might not work.
apklist won't auto exit because of the more pipe. just use control-c for now to unfreeze it
Some of the scripted adb commands stall.
EXTRA INFO:
The only thing that I own in the zip is the scripts. The copyright notice and license for android sdk and included files is included as Notice.txt and Noticeforadb.txt in the LicenseForAdbEtc.zip
With this tool their is no need to install adb or fastboot on your computer just run the script.
If you get an antivirus warning its because of the Zergrush, Psneuter, Framaroot, and ExynosAbuse root exploits.(And the Hstart binary sometimes)
I am not malicious anyway.(You can read my code easily)
You can copy the folder wherever you want. (I made sure it works)
Just don't have anything named bin in the same directory as the launch script.
EXTRA EXTRA INFO:
This tool is meant to be an extension to the command prompt and will pass anything that it doesn't understand over to the command interpreter.
It works in Wine. Extra launching needed. (See last post)
This is a tool for beginners and advanced users however beginners need to learn adb's commands before using this tool.
It will root 2.x and up(Support added for newer android versions). I suggest installing Supersu also.
Tool works on all windows versions: Wndows XP and above.
You are no longer encouraged to use the XP only zips for Windows XP.
For XP: If you use the tool on the local drive it throws errors however if you use it on a usb drive then it works fine
If you need to use it on a local drive then you can use the old win xp only version.
Windows 8 and 8.1 run the tool perfect.
Use the exit command to exit the tool.(It auto kills the adb server)
Links to third party tools used or included:
Recommended download: ApkMultiTool. Another recommended download: Mediatek flashtool
Framaroot
Exynosabuse
strace
Android Sdk
Stahlworks Binaries : Open source
Win32 Busybox Binary(pclouds) REPLACED WITH Tigress busybox
Freac Not in Slim builds.
Stericson Busybox Android Binary
Sqlite3 android
Supersu
Hstart for use with startup sound

This info applies to testing, finals, and anything else.
FUTURE CHANGES:
Code:
add start settings app and browser app command using am start
add intent disabler (Disable an app's MAIN so that it can be hidden from drawer and be unstartable "locked" )
add the ability to make img of a specified size and store it in /data and even loop mount it to sdcard
add the ability to live image the system and data partitions.
remember to make the user specify the filesystem for sdcard image
I need to backport all bug fixes and improvements to 1.9.5_XP-ONLY
use vbscripts to automate key sends (control-c) Not done due to batch sucking.
add su -c sh to start up root shell on device for use with things like strace. Not done due to batch sucking.
add if blank adb devices say you must connect with either cnt or plugging your device in. (But still show the output)
add variable for work folder
Migrate all custom data text files(hist,clr) to config folder in Work\ but keep defaults in regular bin folder.
add adbkiller script to the desktop by question on first startup.(Store info text file in userbin) (User variable then desktop)
clean output on adbp and adbps plus
change all du -smc to du -sm for single push/pull
add ability to do several pushes and pulls with du -smc in one operation
add parameters to adbp and adbps
add if not defined to destination and source file in adb and adbps to allow for hitting enter to quit in the middle of setting up a push or pull
cleanup and organize xt
include some sort of nano for windows binary for command line editing
include a compact notepad++
Remove extra binaries such as zip and unzip to point to busybox linkers (Skim through code to change "zip" to "busybox zip" or "sfk zip")
Pass all inputted commands to a script that can parse arguments before they are sent to they're respesctive scripts or binaries. (Mostly to catch /? and run it without call)
Remember to update adbClient Launcher to point to new folder.
Add first time greeting, explaining commonplace commands and the various folders using java.
add batch snake from [URL="http://www.dostips.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4741&mobile=on"]here[/URL] [URL="http://www.dostips.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4741&mobile=on"]and here[/URL] for fun
learn some design tips from batch snake.
add adb closer background script for when someone closes adbclient with the windows close button.
add ability to root adbps and adbp or just enable insecure adb debugging
setpass not using admin privileges, add call capability to use instadb privilege elevation code as an elevation module for the rest of my code)
search for commands

CHANGELOG:
This changlog is deprecated for the commits page on my github: https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool/commits/master
Code:
With 1.3.1 adb/fastboot has been updated from platform-tools to rev. 19(Previously rev. 18.0.1)
Split 1.3.1 into xp only and vista up packages
Add a work command that will send you back to the work folder no matter where you are.
See third post.
Removed a couple of the zips in the post to make the download list easier.
Made license a separate download.
Add unroot function.
Implement extracter with a windows tar exe for extracting images from a tgz.
Make adb/fastboot installer for system. (%WINDIR%\system32) (To install the binaries just type instadb and follow the prompts)
(Installing adb and fastboot to the system makes adb or fastboot dependent applications operate without the need to setup complicated environment variables.)
(Before you would have had to make the environment variable point to the folder conanaining the binaries then you would have to check to make sure its setup properly. this will eliminate that issue)
Add the launch script into the package and update instructions. (JUST added launcher to make starting it easier.)
Issues with my implementations of certain processes inside the script.
Fixed updater typo.
Added sfk binary from stahlworks.(VERY useful tool [URL="http://stahlworks.com/products.html"]http://stahlworks.com/products.html[/URL])
Added zip and unzip binary from stahlworks
Added latest usb driver from google.
Add the launch script into the package and update instructions.
add win32 busybox and remove gnuwin32 tar command.
Apk install from file. And apk uninstall and apk installed lister. pm argument sender. apk command for menu
Version change in updater code. but server on mandatory downtime for a week.
Fixed problem with missing dlls in system32 install for adb and fastboot
^Fixed bugfix in 1.8 Whackamole:)
use nul to detect dirs
everything that is passed to cmd is called.(In 1.8.2+)
Added ls links to busybox and can use params like ls -l
Made links to busybox with batch files and parameters.
Added md5sum binary.
Make attempt at auto pushd popd implementation. To use this feature just cd to wherever then type back to go back.
New XP local drive version. (Remember that XP can run any version from a removable drive or drive that isnt the partition with the running OS on it.)
FIXED - Output cleanup and implementation of code rendering inner shortcuts unuseful)
add extra bin for user binaries in Work\userbin
added addpath command to append the current folder to the temporary path
Fix another bugfix.
testing version released so the version number on my server will not be updated until I have personally evaluated these builds for a couple of days.
implement pushd popd into my code
add windows tools from knife into adbclient.
made repo command.
added bin2hex binary
added deveject binary
move %clrsnd% %clrval% above the doneloop subroutine so busybox's ls command can properly highlight file names.
only use %clrsnd% %clrval% when needed (pretty much the same as I have done with adb devices and fastboot devices)
added zipalign binary
update updating system to live (ON)
add repo style p2p apt-get system called Gridlock(Thought of the name myself) (not p2p yet :( )
moved extended menu out of code and into a file to help clean up stuff.
add bash link for busybox
fixed up repo script address(dynamic)
added mkfloppy
fixed bug in apk installer code.
removed cmdmenusel and trashed the idea of using it for the preffered java dependency setup.
fixed small bug
changed exit for future dynamic handling of shutdown disk operations.
cat command takes over the beginning of the next echo so it has an echo. in its code.
Deprecated every addpath script and moving to modular addpath userspace script.
Also fixed varname bug in addpath script that made it worthless
Commented my info in.
fixed unrooting issue.
piped apklist to more.
Comment code/subroutines etc. and use whitespace to make it easier to read.(Half done, it needs more work)
everything below is for unreleased 2.3 version.
Strace helper
added goo.im opener
added audio converter freac (Freac has source code available freely on their webpage)
Remove just a couple lines from the inital output to make it fit the command prompt screen.
strace installer (chmod 777 adb push and su -c sh) for work with strace.
add data /T to top of script
added frontend for deveject binary because it is too complicated
make cnt a command that will take params so you can type cnt 192.168.1.81
^if no params are given it will ask for ip address
added send command to strace in testing
merged strace bug fixes into testing
fixed another path bug in testing
code now becoming very modular with me using scripted functions as commands in other scripts.
lgctnp always out to work dir now
fixed 'regression' in hist (Accidental reference to deprecated function broke it) (ALSO: fixed in clr)
project no subroutine/if statements: instead of using if statements on the users input on the main loop I will use batch files in my path that have the name of the user's command.
^This eliminates "" crashing.
add hash check for transmitted file. (Needs md5sum binary for android.) (Make it a question)
add busybox installer
add quick fixes menu for things like accidentally deleted launcher, etc.
fixed issue with busybox android binary got deleted.
added: 'mode con:cols=100 lines=50' for big console
fixed up lgctnp and dmsgnp code
add dmesg
quick patch for scroll height (It will be tweaked more in the future.)
[B]3.1.5 will be a temporary bug fix and binary addition in preparation for.......[/B]
make cd freac* point to full path instead
add startup Splash screen for christmas holiday
added Framaroot to rooter
added exynosabuse to rooter
adbsl is accidentally pointing to old doneloop subroutine and needs to be pointed to EOF
move from old pclouds busybox binary to [URL="http://intgat.tigress.co.uk/rmy/busybox/index.html"]tigress win32 busybox[/URL]
update android sdk dependent stuff (platform tools have been updated to 19.0.1)
update su and supersu
change call adbclient to call start adbclient so the intital launcher is exitable
java detector added
[B]3.2 Released![/B]
fix old subroutine pointers in devej
add startup sound
[B]3.2.1 Released![/B]
added screenshots to OP
patch instadb with set "installmaybe="
add size check for pulling/pulled or pushing/pushed files on adbp and adbps like the md5sum checker.'
update busybox/adb/fastboot/freac/anything else/check and update apk versions.
add question to adbp and adbps for redoing the push/pull operation if the user notices the hashes don't match
[B]3.2.4 Slim Released![/B]
change release naming scheme from final to only use final name for final release in 3.2.x, 3.3.x etc.
fix adbp to do you to "Redo pull operation?" instead of "Redo push operation?"
cleanup root.bat output organizing exploits by android version.
change subroutine pointer in ex from doneloop to :EOF
[B]3.2.5 Slim_ Maintenance Released![/B]
Google's usb driver updated to revision 9.
link every busybox applet
store busybox whoami value in variable and then put it into $~: set /p command
pointed launcher directly to bin folder name
updated binary and application dependencies
[I]Made some progress in porting a new xp desktop version: the path names need to have quotes around them.[/I]
[B]3.2.6 Slim Released![/B]
[I]INFO: adbClient is somewhat usable in Wine.[/I]
Framaroot and sfk updated.
Tigress busybox updated.
Fixed qfx mounting issue.
android busybox binary updated
updated supersu apk and su, [B]NOTE:[/B] It is ton of work to support 4.3 rooting but I will do it soon in 3.2.8 I will have to bundle cydiaimpactor somehow.
[B]3.2.7 Slim Released![/B]
2.2 removed(cached locally, so it will be unavailable. leaving the remnants of 1.9.5 even though xp is not supported by microsoft anymore)
[B]3.2.8 Released![/B]
GITHUB REPO: [url]https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool[/url]
updated to usb driver v10
[B]3.2.9 Released![/B]

Bump:
Bump, any dev can use this tool to have their rom users debug the roms that they make easily if they like.

I have done enough testing to know that this works in Wine on Linux pretty good now.
However, special launch instructions are needed.
cd to the adbclient bin folder(Currently bin-3.2.6-Slim) and use the command:
Code:
WINEDEBUG=-all wine cmd /c adbclient.bat
- all on one line.
Adbclient should be started and you can connect to your phone wirelessly with cnt *.*.*.* (Insert ip address to the left).
Happy Linuxing.
EDIT: Bash port coming soon to a Linux computer near you.

Latest use of this tool as a library/environment for making a rooting package for phones.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2738977

The changelog here will now go unmaintained in deprecation for a github repo: https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool

3.2.9 released.

Lgrootnoob said:
I have done enough testing to know that this works in Wine on Linux pretty good now.
However, special launch instructions are needed.
cd to the adbclient bin folder(Currently bin-3.2.6-Slim) and use the command:
Code:
WINEDEBUG=-all wine cmd /c adbclient.bat
- all on one line.
Adbclient should be started and you can connect to your phone wirelessly with cnt *.*.*.* (Insert ip address to the left).
Happy Linuxing.
EDIT: Bash port coming soon to a Linux computer near you.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I don't like bash. :/

pcwizzy37 said:
I don't like bash. :/
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
bash is necessary for using some build systems to compile android source code. If the OP wishes to donate his time and efforts , I'm sure that an easy installer will be useful to someone. I believe that this tool deserves more response than it has received.
Sent from my LGL15G using Tapatalk

ibub said:
bash is necessary for using some build systems to compile android source code. If the OP wishes to donate his time and efforts , I'm sure that an easy installer will be useful to someone. I believe that this tool deserves more response than it has received.
Sent from my LGL15G using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have no idea why I said that back then. I have been dailying Linux for years now and BASH is what I primarily use, also it's wierd because at that time was when I was migrating to Linux.

[TOOL][WIN]DroidShell - Windows Shell Integration for Android Development[02/02/16]

Greetings, and welcome to the home of a little set of utilities I'm calling "DroidShell".
What it is:
DroidShell is my attempt at bridging the gap between the various android utilities used for ROM modification and the Windows explorer system. It is a series of scripts that are automatically associated with .apk, .jar, and .iso files so that they are automatically decompiled on double-click or enter. Additionally, when a file is decompiled, a corresponding .dcp, dcf, or dci (decompiled package, decompiled framework, decompiled image) file is created, which allows for automatic recompiling, as well as optional cleanup, or resigning.
The goal of this project is pretty simple...to have all the tools needed for ROM work in one place, and have them easily accessible without having to have eighty command windows open or to have to go through a chain of commands to create a usable apk/jarfile.
Features:
One-shot setup. Extract the files, run install/installer.bat, and all of the necessary file associations and paths are created.
Batch terminal integration - provides integration for adb, fastboot, apktool, 7zip, zipalign, oat2dex, unpackbootimg, repackbootimg, baksmali and smali in windows command-line interface from path.
Automagic association with common android filetypes for decompilation.
Custom placeholder files - dcp, dcf, and dci - for packages, framework, and image files. Allows for automatic recompiling, and optional signing and cleanup of decompiled files.
Recompiled apks and jars are automatically repacked with modified files while excluding androidmanifest.xml, meaning signatures are unaffected.
For modifications requiring androidmanifest be changed, you can right-click a .dcp file to recompile with signature.
Auto-detection of framework-res file with prompting to install.
Popup dialogue boxes for errors and alerts.
(NEW) Right-click to decompile to java code. This cannot be recompiled, but is great for researching more complex mods. (Can also be invoked by using the command dj filename.apk)
(NEW) Support for sparse image system -> .img conversion.
(NEW) za command for zipaligning apk's.
(NEW)
Download:
https://github.com/d8ahazard/DroidShell/archive/master.zip
Source:
https://github.com/d8ahazard/DroidShell
Instructions...
You need the Java Runtime Environment (RE). Get it here.
Extract to a folder somewhere. Spaces in the path are probably not good. I put it in C:\DroidShell
Browse to the folder. Go into the install folder. Run installer.bat. (Installer needs admin priveleges. It will prompt for them, but in some cases, you may have to automatically run as admin)
Reboot.
You should now have shell integration. APKs, Jars, and .img files will automagically decompile.
It's late, I've been working on this all weekend...but it should be good to go. Please let me know if you have any thoughts.
CHANGELOG:
Code:
02.02.16 - v2.0
Update smali, baksmal to v. 2.1.1.
Add shell script for oat2dex (not implemented in context menus, just avaialable for now)
Update APKTool to latest version
Add dx.jar - for converting java classfiles to .dex (just available for now)
Add ext4 and ext2 tools - For manually unpacking images if needed. These are GUI based, not my work.
Add rimg2sdat - For converting .img to sparse (Not implemented yet)
Update sdat2img to latest version by xspirit, added python to installer as required.
Add zipalign function (Not implemented, can be called via "za filename.apk"
Add decompile to pure Java:
This utilizes a few tools to take apk's and jarfiles and decompile them to as close of an android package as we can get without having the actual source code. While we cannot at this time recompile these into apk's, it is very useful for analysis when trying to implement other mods. Like...really helpful. This one can be accessed by right-clicking a decompileable package and picking "decompile to java".
01.31.15 - v1.8
Added windows progress bar for file copies in system.img extraction.
Fixed some script errors.
01.29.15 - v1.7
Cleaned up installer, added more verbosity.
Better error checking in image extractor.
Add support for .list files, allowing double-click extraction of system.transfer.list and cm12-style image files.
Added custom language files for notepad++, allows syntax highlighting of .smali and logcat files.
01.27.15 -v1.6
Added support for system images. Requires installation of included OSFMount.
Added file associations for common plaintext android files to notepad++ if installed.
Converted several .bat files to .exe, allows for icons, inclusion of required files, and UAC prompting when needed.
01.26.15 - v1.5
Fixed fatfinger in APKtool detection causing error.
01.26.15 - v1.4
Added zipaligning
Added check to make sure apktool is present
Updated test-keys to latest AOSP version
Compiled batches to .exe with required files for AIO-packages
Fixed: Installer not always associating with files correctly.

Thanks a million

Version 1.5 uploaded.
Added Zipaligning
Check to make sure apktool.jar is found in %DROIDROOT% directory.
Updated signing keys.
Switch from .bat to .exe, allows modularization of functions, cleaner.
Modifications to installer to try and fix some issues with file associations.
Fixed issue between 1.4 and v 1.5 where I fatfingered a check.

Hell yes!

digitalhigh said:
Greetings, and welcome to the home of a little set of utilities I'm calling "DroidShell".
What it is:...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So many thanks for this! I'm going to use it like hell!

Excellent Job!

I'm bookmarking this, gona read it thuroughly at breakfas

So I'm curious - has anybody had a chance to give this a try yet?
Testing file association stuff is tricky, because Windows likes to keep track of the "user selected" association too. So, I had to add some extra commands to the installer script to clean up everything appropriately first.
Either way, I've ran it on like three different computers "clean" and had it work like a charm on all of them. I'd like to know how it works with WIndows 7 or XP.

I could be doing something wrong (windows is not my OS of choice, I use kubuntu 14.10 as my daily driver, and as such am mostly illiterate in dos/batch, I'm a sh/bash guy), but the installer bombed out (hung up without confirmation of success) on my windows 7 pro install (on a dell latitude e6400, with a dual core core2 @2.8ghz, quattro 160m graphics, 4gb of ddr2 @800mhz, booting off a 120gb Samsung evo ssd. Wouldn't think its relevant, but just in case).
Steps:
First I decompressed the .zip in the root of my C:\ drive, with 7zip (did not change file name, kept as "DroidShell_1.5").
Next I ran the installer script.
I then granted it admin privileges.
It killed my desktop, explorer.exe. I assume this is normal due to the terminal output:
Code:
SUCCESS: The process "explorer.exe" with PID 3260 has been terminated
Then I got:
Code:
file type 'apk_auto_file' not found or no open command associated with it.
Followed by 4 more identical errors, just replace "apk" with dfc, dcp, dci, img.
A bunch of successful operations.
Then:
Code:
ERROR: Invalid syntax.
Type "REG ADD /?" for usage
A bunch of successful operations.
Then:
Code:
ERROR: The system was unable to find the specified registry key or value.
The above output repeats 17 times.
Then 4 more operation success messages and it hangs, with my desktop killed.
Ctrl+alt+del, logout, log in, and I'm back in business. No noticeable increase in disk space, no newly installed programs (as expected).
I read the op, and from my understanding it doesn't require any dependencies? (Apktool, android SDK, android studio, etc). All the necessary dependencies are built in, right? It's a fresh install of windows 7 pro, with all available updates taken.
EDIT:
It worked perfectly regardless of the errors, see my post on page 2.

thisguysayswht said:
I could be doing something wrong (windows is not my OS of choice, I use kubuntu 14.10 as my daily driver, and as such am mostly illiterate in dos/batch, I'm a sh/bash guy), but the installer bombed out on my windows 7 pro install (on a dell latitude e6400, with a dual core core2 @2.8ghz, quattro 160m graphics, 4gb of ddr2 @800mhz, booting off a 120gb Samsung evo ssd. Wouldn't think its relevant, but just in case).
Steps:
First I decompressed the .zip in the root of my C:\ drive, with 7zip (did not change file name, kept as "DroidShell_1.5").
Next I ran the installer script.
I then granted it admin privileges.
It killed my desktop, explorer.exe. I assume this is normal due to the terminal output:
Code:
SUCCESS: The process "explorer.exe" with PID 3260 has been terminated
Then I got:
Code:
file type 'apk_auto_file' not found or no open command associated with it.
Followed by 4 more identical errors, just replace "apk" with dfc, dcp, dci, img.
A bunch of successful operations.
Then:
Code:
ERROR: Invalid syntax.
Type "REG ADD /?" for usage
A bunch of successful operations.
Then:
Code:
ERROR: The system was unable to find the specified registry key or value.
The above output repeats 17 times.
Then 4 more operation success messages and it hangs, with my desktop killed.
Ctrl+alt+del, logout, log in, and I'm back in business. No noticeable increase in disk space, no newly installed programs (as expected).
I read the op, and from my understanding it doesn't require any dependencies? (Apktool, android SDK, android studio, etc). All the necessary dependencies are built in, right? It's a fresh install of windows 7 pro, with all available updates taken.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Bombed out is a rough term. The installer is just writing a bunch of registry keys, and deleting some other ones to make sure other associations don't mess it up. So, some registry operations don't always work - there just there to be sure. I've actually worked on cleaning that up in the next iteration I'm cooking.
And yes, there shouldn't be any more size increase past extracting the original zip. All the files used are enclosed. "Installer" is just telling Windows that "droid shell is at location %CD%" and "use app xxx in %CD% to open file XX". A few extras for the right-click context menus and icons...so forth.
So, to know if it is working is really just a matter of finding an apk or .jar and double-clicking it. You should get a terminal window showing the process and a box confirming success or failure, plus a reason why if failure.
The only dependency is the Java Runtime environment, which is the same common necessity as for any other Apktool environment. You can get it here, and I'll throw that link in the OP in a second.
The next iteration of the installer is going to be a lot cleaner, plus be more verbose so you actually know what it's doing. My first thought in putting it out was just to see how well the decompile/recompile stuff worked.

Bombed out is a rough term. The installer is just writing a bunch of registry keys, and deleting some other ones to make sure other associations don't mess it up. So, some registry operations don't always work - there just there to be sure. I've actually worked on cleaning that up in the next iteration I'm cooking.
And yes, there shouldn't be any more size increase past extracting the original zip. All the files used are enclosed. "Installer" is just telling Windows that "droid shell is at location %CD%" and "use app xxx in %CD% to open file XX". A few extras for the right-click context menus and icons...so forth.
So, to know if it is working is really just a matter of finding an apk or .jar and double-clicking it. You should get a terminal window showing the process and a box confirming success or failure, plus a reason why if failure.
The only dependency is the Java Runtime environment, which is the same common necessity as for any other Apktool environment. You can get it here, and I'll throw that link in the OP in a second.
The next iteration of the installer is going to be a lot cleaner, plus be more verbose so you actually know what it's doing. My first thought in putting it out was just to see how well the decompile/recompile stuff worked.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I didn't mean to offend with the term "bombed out", it may have been a bit of a rough term. I just meant the script terminated my desktop and hung up.
It actually succeed regardless of the errors, and is working like a charm. I apologize, I should have actually tested it before posting. I shouldn't have assumed that it didn't work based off of the terminal output/behavior.
Also, I would like to say that I greatly appreciate the work that you put into this, and all your other projects here on xda. I'm running your 4.4.4 gpe port for the verizon m8 as my primary rom, and it is by far the most stable port I have ever had the pleasure of flashing.
Attached are screenshots of DroidShell successfully decompiling and recompiling an apk with a simple right click selection on windows 7 pro. Good stuff.

Thanks! tons

Thanks for the work. very useful.
The compiling and decompiling of apk is perfect on Win 7 pro.
From the OP, i also got the impression it would unpack / pack images, so i tried it with a system.img copied to the droidshell directory.
With the command c:\droidshell\unpackimg system.img, I got the error as shown in screenshot
Am I doing something wrong, or is this not supported yet?

arbit12 said:
Thanks for the work. very useful.
The compiling and decompiling of apk is perfect on Win 7 pro.
From the OP, i also got the impression it would unpack / pack images, so i tried it with a system.img copied to the droidshell directory.
With the command c:\droidshell\unpackimg system.img, I got the error as shown in screenshot
Am I doing something wrong, or is this not supported yet?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It only works for boot images at the moment. System images are a different beast.
Sent from my HTC6525LVW using XDA Free mobile app

digitalhigh said:
It only works for boot images at the moment. System images are a different beast.
Sent from my HTC6525LVW using XDA Free mobile app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay. Thanks for the info.

thisguysayswht said:
I didn't mean to offend with the term "bombed out", it may have been a bit of a rough term. I just meant the script terminated my desktop and hung up.
It actually succeed regardless of the errors, and is working like a charm. I apologize, I should have actually tested it before posting. I shouldn't have assumed that it didn't work based off of the terminal output/behavior.
Also, I would like to say that I greatly appreciate the work that you put into this, and all your other projects here on xda. I'm running your 4.4.4 gpe port for the verizon m8 as my primary rom, and it is by far the most stable port I have ever had the pleasure of flashing.
Attached are screenshots of DroidShell successfully decompiling and recompiling an apk with a simple right click selection on windows 7 pro. Good stuff.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh, no offense taken.
I came at this project, as I do with most, with the mindset of "OOOH, SHINY THING. I MUST SHOW EVERYONE." So, first thought was putting out the app, despite some of the install stuff being a bit dirty.
However, the next iteration is shaping up to be quite lovely. See below.
arbit12 said:
Okay. Thanks for the info.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So, it appears that this question has motivated me to try making that function a reality sooner than later.
However, as far as I can see, the *ONLY* application for windows that currently deals with system images right now is Ext2Explore, which is a bit old and doesn't have command-line support.
Fortunately, there's source code for it, so I'm currently downloading Visual Studio and will see if I can add command line functionality, as well as make it launch with UAC prompting.
If I can make this work, my plan is to make one handler for .img files that works like so:
1. Look at the file passed to it and see if it's a boot image. If it is, extract and exit.
2. If it's not a boot image, try to extract it as a system image. If it is, extract and exit.
3. If it's not a boot or system image - pass it to explorer and mount as usual.
I can do # 1 and #3 already...it's just getting #2 to go.
Also, I've added a check in the installer that looks for the installation of notepad++. If it finds it, it will create additional associations for .xml, .prop, conf, config, .smali, and whatever else I can think of that I could possibly need to edit in a ROM.
Then, lastly, with all these additions, I'd like to make the installer a bit more verbose. Give some options so it's not just an all or nothing install, make it prettier, etc.

digitalhigh said:
Oh, no offense taken.
I came at this project, as I do with most, with the mindset of "OOOH, SHINY THING. I MUST SHOW EVERYONE." So, first thought was putting out the app, despite some of the install stuff being a bit dirty.
However, the next iteration is shaping up to be quite lovely. See below.
So, it appears that this question has motivated me to try making that function a reality sooner than later.
However, as far as I can see, the *ONLY* application for windows that currently deals with system images right now is Ext2Explore, which is a bit old and doesn't have command-line support.
Fortunately, there's source code for it, so I'm currently downloading Visual Studio and will see if I can add command line functionality, as well as make it launch with UAC prompting.
If I can make this work, my plan is to make one handler for .img files that works like so:
1. Look at the file passed to it and see if it's a boot image. If it is, extract and exit.
2. If it's not a boot image, try to extract it as a system image. If it is, extract and exit.
3. If it's not a boot or system image - pass it to explorer and mount as usual.
I can do # 1 and #3 already...it's just getting #2 to go.
Also, I've added a check in the installer that looks for the installation of notepad++. If it finds it, it will create additional associations for .xml, .prop, conf, config, .smali, and whatever else I can think of that I could possibly need to edit in a ROM.
Then, lastly, with all these additions, I'd like to make the installer a bit more verbose. Give some options so it's not just an all or nothing install, make it prettier, etc.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse

Captain_Throwback said:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Don't get too excited. I've never touched C++ before, and ext2Explore was done in VisualStudio.net and a WYSIWYG editor called QT. I found updated source for the program from 2012 and have gotten it to import into QT, however, it needs MingW and some other dependencies. I'll be lucky if I can even get it to compile again, let alone work, let alone work with added command-line stuff.
However, that's still the goal.
Also, I want to add wget (windows equivalent) stuff to auto grab and install java and notepad++ while we're at it.

So, I think Ext2Explore is more work than it's worth.
OSFMount, on the other hand, just let me mount a system.img as a removable disk with read-write access. I'm going to go down this road...

Good to hear that. Extracting system.img on windows can be a real pain at times - this would be great.

[TOOL] [Windows] Batch APK Zipalign Tool v 2.0 (23/05/2022)

What's ziplign ?
Read,Android Developers site.https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/zipalign
zipalign is an archive alignment tool that provides important optimization to Android application (APK) files. The purpose is to ensure that all uncompressed data starts with a particular alignment relative to the start of the file. Specifically, it causes all uncompressed data within the APK, such as images or raw files, to be aligned on 4-byte boundaries. This allows all portions to be accessed directly with mmap() even if they contain binary data with alignment restrictions. The benefit is a reduction in the amount of RAM consumed when running the application.
This tool should always be used to align your APK file before distributing it to end-users. The Android build tools can handle this for you. Android Studio automatically aligns your APK.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why this tool is needed ?
There are a lot of APK modifications on XDA, most of which are done through APKTOOL (Thanks @iBotPeaches for this great tool)
But after apktool compilation, apks needs to be zipalign manually -> which is missing from some these Modded/Distributed Apks found in the forum.
So, I decided to go ahead and make simple tool for this task.
This tool will help end-users/devs in such cases.
How to Use ?
It's One-Click tool, As simple as it gets !
Download & Extract Zip file from attachment.
Put All apks in "Input" folder
Do not leave "SPACES" in file name of APKs For example, Use "AppName_v1.apk" instead of "AppName v171.apk"
Double Click the Batch file (.bat)
You can find zipaliged APKs in "Output" folder after it's done.
That's It !!
PS : (Devs only) Use this tool **AFTER** signing APKs
Users don't need to worry about this because APKs you have/download are already signed.

FAQs
# How to know whether APKs are zipaligned or not after using this tool ?
Check file size of APK Before & After (In Input & Output folders). You will see the differnce in file size on bytes level So, you need to open full property of file via right click.
If file size if exactly the same, means APK was already zipaligned
# How to know whether APKs i have are already zipaligned or not ?
As of now there's no method to my knowledge. So, you need to go through above process.
In general, APKs directly from PlayStore (you backup/apkmirror) are zipaligned so you don't need to zipalign them unless there's some modifications performed on it.
Change log
v1.0 Release 2017
Initial Release
Latest available zipalign binary
v2.0 Release 2022
Based on Android SDK Build-Tools 30.1.0 and should be compatible with latest Android versions (A9-A12+)

Tried this. Nothing in the output folder

Serpentinefire76 said:
Tried this. Nothing in the output folder
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm not actively maintaining this tool due to personal commitments. Theoretically it should still work even with older binaries but if you are looking for specific support I suggest search for other/newer threads.

jineshpatel30 said:
I'm not actively maintaining this tool due to personal commitments. Theoretically it should still work even with older binaries but if you are looking for specific support I suggest search for other/newer threads.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried it again. It works like a charm. Awesome. Thank you!

Update after a long time.​
v2 is based on Android SDK Build-Tools 30.1.0 and should be compatible with latest Android versions (A9-A12+)
Happy Modding!

i get this error a mod apk
Code:
Failure [INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NO_CERTIFICATES: Failed collecting certificates for /data/app/vmdl262490375.tmp/base.apk: Failed to collect certificates from /data/app/vmdl262490375.tmp/base.apk: META-INF/APKEASYT.SF indicates /data/app/vmdl262490375.tmp/base.apk is signed using APK Signature Scheme v2, but no such signature was found. Signature stripped?]

Command file current zipalign.bat:
for %%X in (.\Input\*.apk) do (
echo Zipaligning - %%~nX.apk
.\Tools\zipalign -cv 4 %%X
.\Tools\zipalign -fv 4 %%X .\Output\%%~nX.apk
)
Maybe it should be reversed like this:
for %%X in (.\Input\*.apk) do (
echo Zipaligning - %%~nX.apk
rem To align infile.apk and save it as outfile.apk
.\Tools\zipalign -fv 4 %%X .\Output\%%~nX.apk
rem check alignment outfile.apk only after having zipalign (does not modify file)
.\Tools\zipalign -cv 4 %%X
)

Samsung Galaxy Grand Duos Oreo Kernel Source

Samsung Galaxy Grand Duos Oreo Kernel Source​
download link-> bottom of the thread.
Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully,
as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
kernel, and what to do if something goes wrong!!
WHAT IS LINUX?
Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by
Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across
the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.
It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix,
including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand
loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management,
and multistack networking including IPv4 and IPv6.
It is distributed under the GNU General Public License - see the
accompanying COPYING file for more details.
ON WHAT HARDWARE DOES IT RUN?
Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher),
today Linux also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and
UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, Cell,
IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS,
Xtensa, Tilera TILE, AVR32 and Renesas M32R architectures.
Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures
as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the
GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC). Linux has
also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although
functionality is then obviously somewhat limited.
Linux has also been ported to itself. You can now run the kernel as a
userspace application - this is called UserMode Linux (UML).
DOCUMENTATION:
- There is a lot of documentation available both in electronic form on
the Internet and in books, both Linux-specific and pertaining to
general UNIX questions. I'd recommend looking into the documentation
subdirectories on any Linux FTP site for the LDP (Linux Documentation
Project) books. This README is not meant to be documentation on the
system: there are much better sources available.
- There are various README files in the Documentation/ subdirectory:
these typically contain kernel-specific installation notes for some
drivers for example. See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what
is contained in each file. Please read the Changes file, as it
contains information about the problems, which may result by upgrading
your kernel.
- The Documentation/DocBook/ subdirectory contains several guides for
kernel developers and users. These guides can be rendered in a
number of formats: PostScript (.ps), PDF, HTML, & man-pages, among others.
After installation, "make psdocs", "make pdfdocs", "make htmldocs",
or "make mandocs" will render the documentation in the requested format.
INSTALLING the kernel source:
- If you install the full sources, put the kernel tarball in a
directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
unpack it:
gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
or
bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
Replace "XX" with the version number of the latest kernel.
Do NOT use the /usr/src/linux area! This area has a (usually
incomplete) set of kernel headers that are used by the library header
files. They should match the library, and not get messed up by
whatever the kernel-du-jour happens to be.
- You can also upgrade between 3.x releases by patching. Patches are
distributed in the traditional gzip and the newer bzip2 format. To
install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.x) and execute:
gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
or
bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
(repeat xx for all versions bigger than the version of your current
source tree, _in_order_) and you should be ok. You may want to remove
the backup files (xxx~ or xxx.orig), and make sure that there are no
failed patches (xxx# or xxx.rej). If there are, either you or me has
made a mistake.
Unlike patches for the 3.x kernels, patches for the 3.x.y kernels
(also known as the -stable kernels) are not incremental but instead apply
directly to the base 3.x kernel. Please read
Documentation/applying-patches.txt for more information.
Alternatively, the script patch-kernel can be used to automate this
process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any
patches found.
linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
The first argument in the command above is the location of the
kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but
an alternative directory can be specified as the second argument.
- If you are upgrading between releases using the stable series patches
(for example, patch-3.x.y), note that these "dot-releases" are
not incremental and must be applied to the 3.x base tree. For
example, if your base kernel is 3.0 and you want to apply the
3.0.3 patch, you do not and indeed must not first apply the
3.0.1 and 3.0.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel
version 3.0.2 and want to jump to 3.0.3, you must first
reverse the 3.0.2 patch (that is, patch -R) _before_ applying
the 3.0.3 patch.
You can read more on this in Documentation/applying-patches.txt
- Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
cd linux
make mrproper
You should now have the sources correctly installed.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Compiling and running the 3.x kernels requires up-to-date
versions of various software packages. Consult
Documentation/Changes for the minimum version numbers required
and how to get updates for these packages. Beware that using
excessively old versions of these packages can cause indirect
errors that are very difficult to track down, so don't assume that
you can just update packages when obvious problems arise during
build or operation.
BUILD directory for the kernel:
When compiling the kernel all output files will per default be
stored together with the kernel source code.
Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
place for the output files (including .config).
Example:
kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.N
build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
To configure and build the kernel use:
cd /usr/src/linux-3.N
make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
make O=/home/name/build/kernel
sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install
Please note: If the 'O=output/dir' option is used then it must be
used for all invocations of make.
CONFIGURING the kernel:
Do not skip this step even if you are only upgrading one minor
version. New configuration options are added in each release, and
odd problems will turn up if the configuration files are not set up
as expected. If you want to carry your existing configuration to a
new version with minimal work, use "make oldconfig", which will
only ask you for the answers to new questions.
- Alternate configuration commands are:
"make config" Plain text interface.
"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
your existing ./.config file and asking about
new config symbols.
"make silentoldconfig"
Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
with questions already answered.
Additionally updates the dependencies.
"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
depending on the architecture.
"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
Create a ./.config file by using the default
symbol values from
arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
Use "make help" to get a list of all available
platforms of your architecture.
"make allyesconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'y' as much as possible.
"make allmodconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'm' as much as possible.
"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'n' as much as possible.
"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to random values.
You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
NOTES on "make config":
- having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
- compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
have a math coprocessor or not.
- the "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
should probably answer 'n' to the questions for
"development", "experimental", or "debugging" features.
COMPILING the kernel:
- Make sure you have at least gcc 3.2 available.
For more information, refer to Documentation/Changes.
Please note that you can still run a.out user programs with this kernel.
- Do a "make" to create a compressed kernel image. It is also
possible to do "make install" if you have lilo installed to suit the
kernel makefiles, but you may want to check your particular lilo setup first.
To do the actual install you have to be root, but none of the normal
build should require that. Don't take the name of root in vain.
- If you configured any of the parts of the kernel as `modules', you
will also have to do "make modules_install".
- Verbose kernel compile/build output:
Normally the kernel build system runs in a fairly quiet mode (but not
totally silent). However, sometimes you or other kernel developers need
to see compile, link, or other commands exactly as they are executed.
For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting
"V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.:
make V=1 all
To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0".
- Keep a backup kernel handy in case something goes wrong. This is
especially true for the development releases, since each new release
contains new code which has not been debugged. Make sure you keep a
backup of the modules corresponding to that kernel, as well. If you
are installing a new kernel with the same version number as your
working kernel, make a backup of your modules directory before you
do a "make modules_install".
Alternatively, before compiling, use the kernel config option
"LOCALVERSION" to append a unique suffix to the regular kernel version.
LOCALVERSION can be set in the "General Setup" menu.
- In order to boot your new kernel, you'll need to copy the kernel
image (e.g. .../linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage after compilation)
to the place where your regular bootable kernel is found.
- Booting a kernel directly from a floppy without the assistance of a
bootloader such as LILO, is no longer supported.
If you boot Linux from the hard drive, chances are you use LILO which
uses the kernel image as specified in the file /etc/lilo.conf. The
kernel image file is usually /vmlinuz, /boot/vmlinuz, /bzImage or
/boot/bzImage. To use the new kernel, save a copy of the old image
and copy the new image over the old one. Then, you MUST RERUN LILO
to update the loading map!! If you don't, you won't be able to boot
the new kernel image.
Reinstalling LILO is usually a matter of running /sbin/lilo.
You may wish to edit /etc/lilo.conf to specify an entry for your
old kernel image (say, /vmlinux.old) in case the new one does not
work. See the LILO docs for more information.
After reinstalling LILO, you should be all set. Shutdown the system,
reboot, and enjoy!
If you ever need to change the default root device, video mode,
ramdisk size, etc. in the kernel image, use the 'rdev' program (or
alternatively the LILO boot options when appropriate). No need to
recompile the kernel to change these parameters.
- Reboot with the new kernel and enjoy.
IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
- If you have problems that seem to be due to kernel bugs, please check
the file MAINTAINERS to see if there is a particular person associated
with the part of the kernel that you are having trouble with. If there
isn't anyone listed there, then the second best thing is to mail
them to me ([email protected]), and possibly to any other
relevant mailing-list or to the newsgroup.
- In all bug-reports, *please* tell what kernel you are talking about,
how to duplicate the problem, and what your setup is (use your common
sense). If the problem is new, tell me so, and if the problem is
old, please try to tell me when you first noticed it.
- If the bug results in a message like
unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
Oops: 0002
EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
Pid: xx, process nr: xx
xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look
incomprehensible to you, but it does contain information that may
help debugging the problem. The text above the dump is also
important: it tells something about why the kernel dumped code (in
the above example it's due to a bad kernel pointer). More information
on making sense of the dump is in Documentation/oops-tracing.txt
- If you compiled the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS you can send the dump
as is, otherwise you will have to use the "ksymoops" program to make
sense of the dump (but compiling with CONFIG_KALLSYMS is usually preferred).
This utility can be downloaded from
ftp://ftp.<country>.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/ .
Alternately you can do the dump lookup by hand:
- In debugging dumps like the above, it helps enormously if you can
look up what the EIP value means. The hex value as such doesn't help
me or anybody else very much: it will depend on your particular
kernel setup. What you should do is take the hex value from the EIP
line (ignore the "0010:"), and look it up in the kernel namelist to
see which kernel function contains the offending address.
To find out the kernel function name, you'll need to find the system
binary associated with the kernel that exhibited the symptom. This is
the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against
the EIP from the kernel crash, do:
nm vmlinux | sort | less
This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the
offending address. Note that the address given by the kernel
debugging messages will not necessarily match exactly with the
function addresses (in fact, that is very unlikely), so you can't
just 'grep' the list: the list will, however, give you the starting
point of each kernel function, so by looking for the function that
has a starting address lower than the one you are searching for but
is followed by a function with a higher address you will find the one
you want. In fact, it may be a good idea to include a bit of
"context" in your problem report, giving a few lines around the
interesting one.
If you for some reason cannot do the above (you have a pre-compiled
kernel image or similar), telling me as much about your setup as
possible will help. Please read the REPORTING-BUGS document for details.
- Alternately, you can use gdb on a running kernel. (read-only; i.e. you
cannot change values or set break points.) To do this, first compile the
kernel with -g; edit arch/i386/Makefile appropriately, then do a "make
clean". You'll also need to enable CONFIG_PROC_FS (via "make config").
After you've rebooted with the new kernel, do "gdb vmlinux /proc/kcore".
You can now use all the usual gdb commands. The command to look up the
point where your system crashed is "l *0xXXXXXXXX". (Replace the XXXes
with the EIP value.)
gdb'ing a non-running kernel currently fails because gdb (wrongly)
disregards the starting offset for which the kernel is compiled.
Download.​
OREO KERNEL SOURCE 3.x
credits:-
@osas514
@GHsR

vasanth36 said:
Samsung Galaxy Grand Duos Oreo Kernel Source​
download link-> bottom of the thread.
Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully,
as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
kernel, and what to do if something goes wrong!!
WHAT IS LINUX?
Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by
Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across
the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.
It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix,
including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand
loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management,
and multistack networking including IPv4 and IPv6.
It is distributed under the GNU General Public License - see the
accompanying COPYING file for more details.
ON WHAT HARDWARE DOES IT RUN?
Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher),
today Linux also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and
UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, Cell,
IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS,
Xtensa, Tilera TILE, AVR32 and Renesas M32R architectures.
Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures
as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the
GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC). Linux has
also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although
functionality is then obviously somewhat limited.
Linux has also been ported to itself. You can now run the kernel as a
userspace application - this is called UserMode Linux (UML).
DOCUMENTATION:
- There is a lot of documentation available both in electronic form on
the Internet and in books, both Linux-specific and pertaining to
general UNIX questions. I'd recommend looking into the documentation
subdirectories on any Linux FTP site for the LDP (Linux Documentation
Project) books. This README is not meant to be documentation on the
system: there are much better sources available.
- There are various README files in the Documentation/ subdirectory:
these typically contain kernel-specific installation notes for some
drivers for example. See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what
is contained in each file. Please read the Changes file, as it
contains information about the problems, which may result by upgrading
your kernel.
- The Documentation/DocBook/ subdirectory contains several guides for
kernel developers and users. These guides can be rendered in a
number of formats: PostScript (.ps), PDF, HTML, & man-pages, among others.
After installation, "make psdocs", "make pdfdocs", "make htmldocs",
or "make mandocs" will render the documentation in the requested format.
INSTALLING the kernel source:
- If you install the full sources, put the kernel tarball in a
directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
unpack it:
gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
or
bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
Replace "XX" with the version number of the latest kernel.
Do NOT use the /usr/src/linux area! This area has a (usually
incomplete) set of kernel headers that are used by the library header
files. They should match the library, and not get messed up by
whatever the kernel-du-jour happens to be.
- You can also upgrade between 3.x releases by patching. Patches are
distributed in the traditional gzip and the newer bzip2 format. To
install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.x) and execute:
gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
or
bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
(repeat xx for all versions bigger than the version of your current
source tree, _in_order_) and you should be ok. You may want to remove
the backup files (xxx~ or xxx.orig), and make sure that there are no
failed patches (xxx# or xxx.rej). If there are, either you or me has
made a mistake.
Unlike patches for the 3.x kernels, patches for the 3.x.y kernels
(also known as the -stable kernels) are not incremental but instead apply
directly to the base 3.x kernel. Please read
Documentation/applying-patches.txt for more information.
Alternatively, the script patch-kernel can be used to automate this
process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any
patches found.
linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
The first argument in the command above is the location of the
kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but
an alternative directory can be specified as the second argument.
- If you are upgrading between releases using the stable series patches
(for example, patch-3.x.y), note that these "dot-releases" are
not incremental and must be applied to the 3.x base tree. For
example, if your base kernel is 3.0 and you want to apply the
3.0.3 patch, you do not and indeed must not first apply the
3.0.1 and 3.0.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel
version 3.0.2 and want to jump to 3.0.3, you must first
reverse the 3.0.2 patch (that is, patch -R) _before_ applying
the 3.0.3 patch.
You can read more on this in Documentation/applying-patches.txt
- Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
cd linux
make mrproper
You should now have the sources correctly installed.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Compiling and running the 3.x kernels requires up-to-date
versions of various software packages. Consult
Documentation/Changes for the minimum version numbers required
and how to get updates for these packages. Beware that using
excessively old versions of these packages can cause indirect
errors that are very difficult to track down, so don't assume that
you can just update packages when obvious problems arise during
build or operation.
BUILD directory for the kernel:
When compiling the kernel all output files will per default be
stored together with the kernel source code.
Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
place for the output files (including .config).
Example:
kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.N
build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
To configure and build the kernel use:
cd /usr/src/linux-3.N
make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
make O=/home/name/build/kernel
sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install
Please note: If the 'O=output/dir' option is used then it must be
used for all invocations of make.
CONFIGURING the kernel:
Do not skip this step even if you are only upgrading one minor
version. New configuration options are added in each release, and
odd problems will turn up if the configuration files are not set up
as expected. If you want to carry your existing configuration to a
new version with minimal work, use "make oldconfig", which will
only ask you for the answers to new questions.
- Alternate configuration commands are:
"make config" Plain text interface.
"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
your existing ./.config file and asking about
new config symbols.
"make silentoldconfig"
Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
with questions already answered.
Additionally updates the dependencies.
"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
depending on the architecture.
"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
Create a ./.config file by using the default
symbol values from
arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
Use "make help" to get a list of all available
platforms of your architecture.
"make allyesconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'y' as much as possible.
"make allmodconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'm' as much as possible.
"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to 'n' as much as possible.
"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to random values.
You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
NOTES on "make config":
- having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
- compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
have a math coprocessor or not.
- the "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
should probably answer 'n' to the questions for
"development", "experimental", or "debugging" features.
COMPILING the kernel:
- Make sure you have at least gcc 3.2 available.
For more information, refer to Documentation/Changes.
Please note that you can still run a.out user programs with this kernel.
- Do a "make" to create a compressed kernel image. It is also
possible to do "make install" if you have lilo installed to suit the
kernel makefiles, but you may want to check your particular lilo setup first.
To do the actual install you have to be root, but none of the normal
build should require that. Don't take the name of root in vain.
- If you configured any of the parts of the kernel as `modules', you
will also have to do "make modules_install".
- Verbose kernel compile/build output:
Normally the kernel build system runs in a fairly quiet mode (but not
totally silent). However, sometimes you or other kernel developers need
to see compile, link, or other commands exactly as they are executed.
For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting
"V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.:
make V=1 all
To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0".
- Keep a backup kernel handy in case something goes wrong. This is
especially true for the development releases, since each new release
contains new code which has not been debugged. Make sure you keep a
backup of the modules corresponding to that kernel, as well. If you
are installing a new kernel with the same version number as your
working kernel, make a backup of your modules directory before you
do a "make modules_install".
Alternatively, before compiling, use the kernel config option
"LOCALVERSION" to append a unique suffix to the regular kernel version.
LOCALVERSION can be set in the "General Setup" menu.
- In order to boot your new kernel, you'll need to copy the kernel
image (e.g. .../linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage after compilation)
to the place where your regular bootable kernel is found.
- Booting a kernel directly from a floppy without the assistance of a
bootloader such as LILO, is no longer supported.
If you boot Linux from the hard drive, chances are you use LILO which
uses the kernel image as specified in the file /etc/lilo.conf. The
kernel image file is usually /vmlinuz, /boot/vmlinuz, /bzImage or
/boot/bzImage. To use the new kernel, save a copy of the old image
and copy the new image over the old one. Then, you MUST RERUN LILO
to update the loading map!! If you don't, you won't be able to boot
the new kernel image.
Reinstalling LILO is usually a matter of running /sbin/lilo.
You may wish to edit /etc/lilo.conf to specify an entry for your
old kernel image (say, /vmlinux.old) in case the new one does not
work. See the LILO docs for more information.
After reinstalling LILO, you should be all set. Shutdown the system,
reboot, and enjoy!
If you ever need to change the default root device, video mode,
ramdisk size, etc. in the kernel image, use the 'rdev' program (or
alternatively the LILO boot options when appropriate). No need to
recompile the kernel to change these parameters.
- Reboot with the new kernel and enjoy.
IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
- If you have problems that seem to be due to kernel bugs, please check
the file MAINTAINERS to see if there is a particular person associated
with the part of the kernel that you are having trouble with. If there
isn't anyone listed there, then the second best thing is to mail
them to me ([email protected]), and possibly to any other
relevant mailing-list or to the newsgroup.
- In all bug-reports, *please* tell what kernel you are talking about,
how to duplicate the problem, and what your setup is (use your common
sense). If the problem is new, tell me so, and if the problem is
old, please try to tell me when you first noticed it.
- If the bug results in a message like
unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
Oops: 0002
EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
Pid: xx, process nr: xx
xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look
incomprehensible to you, but it does contain information that may
help debugging the problem. The text above the dump is also
important: it tells something about why the kernel dumped code (in
the above example it's due to a bad kernel pointer). More information
on making sense of the dump is in Documentation/oops-tracing.txt
- If you compiled the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS you can send the dump
as is, otherwise you will have to use the "ksymoops" program to make
sense of the dump (but compiling with CONFIG_KALLSYMS is usually preferred).
This utility can be downloaded from
ftp://ftp.<country>.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/ .
Alternately you can do the dump lookup by hand:
- In debugging dumps like the above, it helps enormously if you can
look up what the EIP value means. The hex value as such doesn't help
me or anybody else very much: it will depend on your particular
kernel setup. What you should do is take the hex value from the EIP
line (ignore the "0010:"), and look it up in the kernel namelist to
see which kernel function contains the offending address.
To find out the kernel function name, you'll need to find the system
binary associated with the kernel that exhibited the symptom. This is
the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against
the EIP from the kernel crash, do:
nm vmlinux | sort | less
This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the
offending address. Note that the address given by the kernel
debugging messages will not necessarily match exactly with the
function addresses (in fact, that is very unlikely), so you can't
just 'grep' the list: the list will, however, give you the starting
point of each kernel function, so by looking for the function that
has a starting address lower than the one you are searching for but
is followed by a function with a higher address you will find the one
you want. In fact, it may be a good idea to include a bit of
"context" in your problem report, giving a few lines around the
interesting one.
If you for some reason cannot do the above (you have a pre-compiled
kernel image or similar), telling me as much about your setup as
possible will help. Please read the REPORTING-BUGS document for details.
- Alternately, you can use gdb on a running kernel. (read-only; i.e. you
cannot change values or set break points.) To do this, first compile the
kernel with -g; edit arch/i386/Makefile appropriately, then do a "make
clean". You'll also need to enable CONFIG_PROC_FS (via "make config").
After you've rebooted with the new kernel, do "gdb vmlinux /proc/kcore".
You can now use all the usual gdb commands. The command to look up the
point where your system crashed is "l *0xXXXXXXXX". (Replace the XXXes
with the EIP value.)
gdb'ing a non-running kernel currently fails because gdb (wrongly)
disregards the starting offset for which the kernel is compiled.
Download.​
OREO KERNEL SOURCE 3.x
credits:-
@osas514
@GHsR
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